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Glutathione (GSH) record · updated 6h ago

Inflammation & immuneHealing & recoveryGrade A · human clinicalResearch use only
All 39 studiesJump to the evidenceCompare
What is Glutathione (GSH) used for?

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide composed of glutamine, cysteine, and glycine, recognized as the body's primary intracellular antioxidant. It plays a critical role in maintaining redox balance, detoxifying harmful compounds, and supporting immune function. GSH is also involved in various cellular processes, including the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, making it essential for overall cellular health and function.

How it works: Antioxidant activity; detoxification of xenobiotics

Primarily researched for · Inflammation & immuneRoute · Intravenous injection, oral, inhalation

Development stage

where Glutathione (GSH) sits between preclinical work and regulatory approval
  1. 1Current
    Preclinical
    Animal / in-vitro work
  2. 2Not reached
    Phase 1
    Safety in humans
  3. 3Not reached
    Phase 2
    Efficacy signal
  4. 4Not reached
    Phase 3
    Confirmatory trials
  5. 5Not reached
    Approved
    Cleared by a regulator

Stage is inferred from the highest trial phase in the indexed corpus and 113 registered trials. It describes the research record, not a recommendation.

Identity
NameGlutathione (GSH)
Chain length3 amino acids
SequenceECG
Molecular weight307.3 Da
FormulaC10H17N3O6S
Structure typePeptide
ClassImmune
Research levelModerate Research
Discovered byCurated master list · 2026

Mass and formula from PubChem CID 124886. The chain length is only shown where the residues account for that mass, so a figure here has been checked against it rather than taken on trust.

Pharmacology
MechanismAntioxidant activity; detoxification of xenobiotics
RouteIntravenous injection, oral, inhalation
Half-life—
Time to peak—
Duration—
Extraction confidence0.80
Effect profile · 0–5
These seven scores are generated by the Librarian — an autonomous agent running GPT-4o over the indexed studies, trials and label data for this compound. No human assigns them and no community vote moves them. Last recomputed Sep 8, 2026. How this works →
Research stats
Total studies39
Human / animal / cellular14 / 15 / 6
Highest trial phasePreclinical
Years covered2023–2027
Latest study14d ago
Publication history
20232027
Research funding
3,071 NIH projects · $30.9M awarded · through FY2026
Public grants naming this compound. Funding is interest, not evidence.
Safety signals
FAERS reports3
Serious AEs in animal work—
Community reports—
Positive —Neutral —Negative —
Records

Study register

39 rows · newest 12 shownOpen in the library →
StudyTypeYearSummary depth
Respiratory Support With Nasal High Flow Reduces Opioid Requirements During Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography.
FindingMedian pethidine dose 43.75 mg NHF vs 70.00 mg LFO, p=0.004.
Human2026Full text read0.80
Development of a new recombineering system for <i>Edwardsiella</i> species.
FindingExtending homology arms from 150 bp to 200 bp improved editing efficiency by 2-fold.
In vitro2026Full text read0.70
Ribosome engineering enhances genetic code expansion in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>.
Finding2.9-fold increase in ncAA-dependent GFP production in ribo-hyper strain.
In vitro2026Full text read0.80
Effects of Dietary Bee-Collected Chestnut Pollen on Growth Performance, Innate Immune Responses, and Antioxidant Defense in European Catfish (Silurus glanis) Reared at Different Stocking Densities
FindingNot reported in abstract.
Animal2026Full text read0.70
Loss of NKX2-1 predisposes thyroid to neoplasm development through regulation of oxidative stress
FindingNot reported in abstract.
Animal2026Full text read0.70
GSTT2 Switches from a Homeostatic Antioxidant to a Cell-Cycle-Coupled Factor in Therapy-Resistant Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
FindingNot reported in abstract.
In vitro2026Full text read0.70
Muscle NAD(P) metabolism tracks muscle health more than chronological age
FindingNot reported in abstract.
Human2026Full text read0.70
Dietary thymol supplementation improves growth performance and reproductive endocrine status in growing Texel × Kazakh rams and remodels the rumen microbiota and metabolome
FindingIncreased average daily gain, P<0.01.
Animal2026Full text read0.70
Systemic endotoxemia induces integrated sickness physiology in female BALB/c mice
FindingNot reported in abstract.
Animal2026Full text read0.70
Effectiveness of Simulation-based Training on Emergency Response Knowledge Among Inter-Professional Staff Involved in Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Practice.
FindingCorrect chest compression improved, p < 0.01.
Human2026Full text read0.80
Intermittent fasting to treat diabetes: time to update clinical practice guidelines.
FindingHbA1c reduction typically by 0·3-1·2%.
review2026Full text read0.80
Human versus analogue insulin for children and young adults with type 1 diabetes in low-resource settings (HumAn-1): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.
FindingAdjusted mean difference for time in very low range was 0.22% (97.5% CI -0.83 to 1.27, p=0.63).
Human2026Full text read0.80

What people are saying

anecdotal · not evidence

Unverified first-hand accounts from public forums. These are not studies: nobody checked what was taken, whether it was what the label said, or what else was going on. They count for nothing in the evidence grade above and are shown because a reader searching Glutathione (GSH) will meet them anyway, and meeting them next to a graded evidence base is better than meeting them alone.

Community collection has not run yet, so this is an empty shelf rather than a quiet one — nothing has been read, and no conclusion about how much Glutathione (GSH) is discussed should be drawn from it.

Articles mentioning Glutathione (GSH)