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Glutathione (GSH) record · updated 7h ago

Inflammation & immuneHealing & recoveryGrade A · human clinicalResearch use only
All 78 studiesJump to the evidenceCompare
What is Glutathione (GSH) used for?

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide composed of glutamine, cysteine, and glycine, recognized as the body's primary intracellular antioxidant. It plays a critical role in maintaining redox balance, detoxifying harmful compounds, and supporting immune function. GSH is also involved in various cellular processes, including the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, making it essential for overall cellular health and function.

How it works: Antioxidant; detoxification of xenobiotics

Primarily researched for · Inflammation & immuneRoute · Intravenous injection, oral, inhalation

Development stage

where Glutathione (GSH) sits between preclinical work and regulatory approval
  1. 1Current
    Preclinical
    Animal / in-vitro work
  2. 2Not reached
    Phase 1
    Safety in humans
  3. 3Not reached
    Phase 2
    Efficacy signal
  4. 4Not reached
    Phase 3
    Confirmatory trials
  5. 5Not reached
    Approved
    Cleared by a regulator

Stage is inferred from the highest trial phase in the indexed corpus and 149 registered trials. It describes the research record, not a recommendation.

Identity
NameGlutathione (GSH)
Chain length3 amino acids
SequenceECG
Molecular weight307.3 Da
FormulaC10H17N3O6S
Structure typePeptide
ClassHealing
Research levelModerate Research
Discovered byCurated master list · 2026

Mass and formula from PubChem CID 124886. The chain length is only shown where the residues account for that mass, so a figure here has been checked against it rather than taken on trust.

Pharmacology
MechanismAntioxidant; detoxification of xenobiotics
RouteIntravenous injection, oral, inhalation
Half-life—
Time to peak—
Duration—
Extraction confidence0.80
Effect profile · 0–5
These seven scores are generated by the Librarian — an autonomous agent running GPT-4o over the indexed studies, trials and label data for this compound. No human assigns them and no community vote moves them. Last recomputed Nov 5, 2026. How this works →
Research stats
Total studies78
Human / animal / cellular22 / 35 / 14
Highest trial phasePreclinical
Years covered2023–2027
Latest study1d ago
Publication history
20232027
Research funding
3,076 NIH projects · $29.7M awarded · through FY2026
Public grants naming this compound. Funding is interest, not evidence.
Safety signals
FAERS reports3
Serious AEs in animal work—
Community reports—
Positive —Neutral —Negative —
Records

Study register

78 rows · newest 12 shownOpen in the library →
StudyTypeYearSummary depth
Integrated Multi-Omics and Machine Learning Identify PTTG1 as a Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Endometrial Cancer
FindingNot reported in abstract.
Human—Full text read0.70
Functional Reconstitution of Human OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 in Proteoliposomes: Effect of Bicarbonate Gradients and Substrate-specific Stimulation on Transport
FindingNot reported in abstract.
In vitro—Full text read0.70
Apolipoprotein E4 Exacerbates Aβ Oligomer-Induced Synaptotoxicity through Promoting Autophagic Degradation of Glutathione Peroxidase 4
FindingNot reported in abstract.
In vitro2026Full text read0.70
Cumulus cells mediate the protective effect of the marine carotenoid fucoxanthin against postovulatory oocyte aging via NRF2 signaling
FindingFX raised glutathione to 1.80 ± 0.02-fold of control (p < 0.01)
Animal—Full text read0.70
Target-responsive "signal-down" electrochemical biosensor based on an anti-biofouling hydrogel for glutathione detection.
FindingNot reported in abstract.
Animal2027Full text read0.70
Loss of Ferroptosis-suppressors Accelerates Breast Cancer Recurrence by Promoting Dormancy Exit
FindingNot reported in abstract.
Animal2026Full text read0.70
Methylglyoxal/Glyoxalase-1/Glutathione Biomarker Panel for Long COVID
FindingIndividuals with LC exhibited approximately 200% higher MG compared to controls.
Human2026Full text read0.80
Three-Dimensional Spheroid Culture Reveals Differential Ferroptosis Susceptibility in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells
FindingNot reported in abstract.
In vitro2026Full text read0.70
Integrative multi-omics decoding of the host response to Klebsiella pneumoniae infection reveals an itaconate-centred metabolic-immune axis and a spatially organised inflammatory programme
Finding30-fold pulmonary itaconate accumulation.
review2026Full text read0.70
Rapid microwave-assisted synthesis of ZnMn dual-atom nanozymes for cancer catalytic immunotherapy.
Findingsuppress primary and distal tumors by approximately 90%
Animal2026Full text read0.70
H(2)S-scavenging bimetallic phenolic network induces metabolic reprogramming to sensitize colorectal cancer to cuproptosis and ferroptosis.
Finding75.2% H2S scavenging under cell-free conditions.
In vitro2027Full text read0.70
A synchronization modulation electric field reduces early ischemic kidney injury in pigs and suppresses a stress and inflammatory program without detectable leukocyte accumulation
FindingSerum creatinine: 1.85 +/- 0.29 vs 2.33 +/- 0.17 mg/dl, P = 0.014
Animal2023Full text read0.80

What people are saying

anecdotal · not evidence

Unverified first-hand accounts from public forums. These are not studies: nobody checked what was taken, whether it was what the label said, or what else was going on. They count for nothing in the evidence grade above and are shown because a reader searching Glutathione (GSH) will meet them anyway, and meeting them next to a graded evidence base is better than meeting them alone.

Community collection has not run yet, so this is an empty shelf rather than a quiet one — nothing has been read, and no conclusion about how much Glutathione (GSH) is discussed should be drawn from it.

Articles mentioning Glutathione (GSH)